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面包屑導航結束 --> <!-- 頁面標題開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="title"> <h3><a>國內滾珠絲杠熱特性的研宄現狀<small></small></a></h3> </div> <!-- 頁面標題結束 --> <hr class="featurette-divider"> <!-- 中部開始 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="container"> <!-- 正文 --> <div id="n1l1njb9b" class="lead" id="print"> <p> <span style="line-height: 22.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25pt; font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">1.2.2</span><span style="line-height: 22.1pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 25pt; font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">國內滾珠絲杠熱特性的研宄現狀</span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:25.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">在國內，浙江大學對機床熱誤差補償特別是熱變形研宄得比較早，取得了重要的 成果為溫度傳感器測點在滾珠絲杠上的選取和熱誤差模型的建立提供了重要的依 據。學者傅建中提出了針對溫度誤差補償的優化模型：模糊神經網絡模型</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[2</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">°</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">，并由軟 件仿真實驗驗證了其模型的正確性。近年來，浙江大學組織研究了人工智能專家庫在 數控機床定位精度及誤差補償中的應用，取得了很多的成果。浙江大學的學者還改進 了數控機床熱誤差</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">Fuzzy</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">前饋補償方法，通過仿真驗證了理論上的正確性，確立了國 內熱誤差補償的領先地位。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:25.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">合肥工業大學的苗恩銘研宄了高精度滾珠絲杠的熱變形等對數控機床誤差嚴重 的影響，建立了滾珠絲杠溫度分布和熱變形的模型。并根據能量守恒原理，采用平均</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">線膨脹系數的方式簡化了滾珠絲杠熱變形計算方法</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[18]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">北機所開發了綜合補償功能模塊，采用集成電路板的總線結構將功能板插入 </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">FANUC</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">6</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">ME</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">數控系統擴充槽中進行試驗研宄，從而使我國擁有了機床熱誤差補償、 運動誤差補償和機械變形誤差補償的綜合補償能力與技術</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[21]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">華中科技大學加工中心研宄者對機床熱變形誤差補償的研宄取得很大的科研成 果。比如，采用了機床熱誤差分布代表點的補償方法并進行了試驗研宄[</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">22</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">?</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">23]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">華中理工大學學者宋洪濤針對磨削過程中產生大量熱量問題重點分析了滾珠絲 杠的熱源，推導出滾珠絲杠溫度分布的理論計算方法。然后得到了滾珠絲杠的熱變形 規律</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[23]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">西南交通大學的何震建立了滾珠絲杠伺服進給系統溫度分布的數學模型，并基于 熱傳導理論、有限元理論和熱變形理論等推導出了熱變形的數學模型。用有限元軟件 </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">ANSYS</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">對滾珠絲杠伺服進給系統的穩態、瞬態溫度分布場進行了仿真分析[</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">26</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">]。本文 的理論部分借用了這一思路研宄了空心滾珠絲杠的熱變形。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">青島大學學者徐志良深入地分析并總結了高精度滾珠絲杠在磨削過程中的溫度 分布規律，通過對一定邊界條件下的對二維傳熱模型和一維傳熱模型求解得到滾珠絲 杠的溫度場分布</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[25]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。本文采用一維模型簡要的計算出滾珠絲杠的內部溫度場。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">天津大學的鄧三鵬采用在線檢測的方法對滾珠絲杠熱誤差補償進行了研宄。分析 了加工狀況、支承軸承形式對滾珠絲杠熱變形不同的影響。借助多體系統理論</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">(</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">MBS</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">), </span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">建立了綜合誤差補償數學模型包括測頭傳感器誤差、機床幾何誤差、主軸熱誤差，并 針對實際工況研宄了 </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">RBF</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">網絡的結構和二次開發了算法與程序</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[11]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">大葉大學學者</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">Cheng-H</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">, </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">Wu</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"> </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">Yu-Tai</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"> </span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">Kung</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">為了分析滾珠絲杠摩擦引起的溫升和 滾珠絲桿傳動系統的熱變形的關系做了相關的實驗。首先測量滾珠絲杠的溫度值，然 后用電容探針測得滾珠絲杠的熱變形。最后采用有限元方法分析滾珠絲桿的熱變形， 實測數據與數值模擬結果進行了比較</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[28]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">蘭州理工大學學者芮執元等建立了空心冷卻滾珠絲杠進給過程中溫度分布和簡 化的二維熱變形數學模型。通過</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">ANSYS</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">仿真與滾珠絲杠冷卻試驗對理論模型進行實 驗驗證</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[29]</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:0.0000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">臺灣</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">PMI</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">銀泰有限公司研發的在一端封閉，另一端插入冷卻介質管的空心滾珠 絲杠的專利技術(臺灣專利</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">107485</span><span id="n1l1njb9b" class="32" style="font-family: 'Times New Roman'; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">V</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">24</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">],</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">通過實驗驗證冷卻效果明顯（如圖1.6)。</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;"><br clear="all" style="page-break-before:always" /> </span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:24.3000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">由滾珠絲杠副的研宄現狀可知：為了補償滾珠絲杠的穩態誤差，國內的專家學者 針對不同的機床工況從不同的方面做了細致深入的研宄，比如伺服控制系統熱補償、 軟件補償、優化預緊力、隔離熱源、選擇軸承支撐、通入冷卻介質方式等。從滾珠絲 杠本身的補償措施主要沿著以下兩種思路：一是在絲杠上選取合適測點，建立溫度分 布場，軟件反饋補償</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">[5</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">°'</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">51</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">]。二是采用將冷卻液通入空心絲杠進行強制冷卻或同時對 螺母吹冷氣的方法強制抑制滾珠絲杠的發熱問題[</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">44</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">?</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt; vertical-align: super;">46</span><span style="font-family: 宋體; letter-spacing: 0pt; font-size: 10.5pt;">]。另外，調研發現我國甚至還沒 有自己的空心滾珠絲杠副應用在數控機床上。我國對空心滾珠絲杠的研宄遠遠落后國 外的技術水平。因此，研宄國產空心滾珠絲杠在數控機床的應用具有重要的實踐意義。</span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:24.3000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "> </p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; margin-bottom:24.3000pt; margin-left:0.0000pt; text-indent:26.0000pt; mso-pagination:none; text-align:justify; text-justify:inter-ideograph; "><span style="font-size:9.0pt;font-family:宋體;mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-hansi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";mso-font-kerning:1.0pt;mso-ansi-language:EN-US;mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;mso-bidi-language:AR-SA">本文采摘自“空心滾珠絲杠在數控機床伺服進給系統中的應用研究”，因為編輯困難導致有些函數、表格、圖片、內容無法顯示，有需要者可以在網絡中查找相關文章！本文由伯特利數控整理發表文章均來自網絡僅供學習參考，轉載請注明！</span></p> <p class="NewStyle232" style="margin-top:0.0000pt; margin-right:0.0000pt; 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